Authors:
Tidiane DIALLO, Fatoumata Tata SOW
, Abdou DOUMBIA
, Mountaga COULIBALY
, Souleymane
DAMBE
, Dalane B. COULIBALY
, Abdoulaye Zie KONE
and Benoît Y. KOUMARE, Mali
|
Abstract:
Pesticides are used in developing countries in excessive or inappropriate amounts and thus
inevitably leave residues that could harm human health and the environment. The objective of
this study is to contribute to preserving the quality of water resources and market garden
products consumed by the populations of the district of Bamako and those of the office of the
irrigated perimeter of Baguinéda. To achieve this objective, we conducted surveys on the rational
use of pesticides with 40 market gardeners using questionnaires. Subsequently, samples of 35
water samples and 62 samples of fresh vegetables (salad, celery, cabbage, tomato, pepper and
African eggplant) were taken.
At the National Health Laboratory, all samples collected were analyzed with a liquid phase
chromatograph (HPLC). The QueChers method and that of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) were used respectively to analyze vegetables and water. All
these samples were subjected to analyze of pesticide residues frequently used (Lambda
cyhalothrin and Acetamiprid) by the various market gardeners.
The results of the surveys allowed us to know the different types of pesticides that are constantly
used by market gardeners and also the methods of use of these chemicals. Indeed, of all the
pesticides (100%) used by market gardeners, 89% are approved and 11% are not approved by the
Sahelian pesticide committee.
The results of the chromatographic analyzes were evaluated according to the maximum residue
limit (MRL). Thus, Lambda cyhalothrin and Acetamiprid were detected in four vegetable
samples: Acetamiprid in two eggplants (1.17 ppm; 1.15 ppm) from OPIB, Lambda cyhalothrin in
headed cabbage and lettuce with respectively the levels 0.3 ppm and 0.4 ppm in DRA/DB. In
general, out of the 97 samples collected, four showed levels above the MRL, i.e. a contamination
rate of 4.12%.
Regarding the water samples, no trace of contamination with residues of Lambda cyhalothrin and
Acetamiprid was detected. |
