Abstract:
Lake Nokoué is experiencing serious environmental problems which threaten its existence and
contribute to the reduction of goods and services for the beneficiary population. The objective of
this study is to understand the dynamics of ecological factors and their impacts on the biocenosis.
This study is based on bathymetric data collected in 11 stations on the lake following seasonal
sampling from February 2017 to January 2018 and from March 2019 to February 2020.
Documentary research, field surveys, interview guides, a camera digital and labeled sachets are
the tools and materials used for data collection from 120 households. In addition, images from
aerial and satellite photographs of the LANDSAT type (TM and ETM) were used to assess the
dynamics of the acadjas of Lake Nokoué. The results were analyzed with the FPEIR model.
The results show that from 2000 to 2020 Lake Nokoué experienced an increase in the number of
acadja which went from 667 to 1417 or 47.07% followed by a decrease in its depth from West to
East of the order of 0.5m. The factors favorable to the filling of Lake Nokoué are according to
70% of the population surveyed: the flood and its solid inputs, the proliferation of water hyacinth
in the rainy season and its degeneration in the dry season, the erosion of the banks, the intrusion
of marine water and stations with high human and economic densities (implantation and
decomposition of acadja, agricultural activities, etc.). These internal and external factors
contribute to the morphological dynamics of Lake Nokoué, thus hindering the socio-economic
development of populations dependent on Lake Nokoué. Faced with this situation, measures
have been proposed for better management of this ecosystem, which is essential to the survival
of its population. |
