Abstract:
Anthrax is a bacterial infection that affects a number of animals but clinical form is mainly seen in herbivores and
humans. It is caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore forming gram positive bacteria that can persist in the environment
for long period and natural climatic variations can spark an outbreak. A clinical disease presents with peracute
manifestation and usually sudden death could be the only information from the farmer. Basic diagnosis of the
disease is through Giemsa/ Grams stained blood smear. Opening of infected carcasses or leakages of the bacteria
have been reported as the possible source of environmental contamination. Humans are infected by the vegetative
forms from biological tissue and depending on the route of infection can manifest as respiratory, gastrointestinal or
cutaneous anthrax. Despite the disease being in existence for long and several researches and control/preventive
measures being put in place, it is still a challenge to livestock production in many countries. Therefore, a review of
biological, clinical, epidemiological characteristics, control measures and public health significance of this disease
are paramount |
