Abstract:
Land degradation and resource scarcity are pressing challenges undermining agricultural
sustainability and rural stability across Sub-Saharan Africa. In Santa Sub-Division, Cameroon,
these issues are intensified by rapid land-use change, soil degradation, and institutional
constraints. This study investigates the drivers and consequences of environmental scarcity and
resource conflict in Santa by integrating spatial analysis, laboratory soil assessments, and
household surveys. Results reveal a 30% decline in forest cover and widespread soil
acidification, with 65% of sampled soils registering pH below 5.5 over the past two decades.
These changes have contributed to a 12% per-decade reduction in maize yields and heightened
competition for land and water, particularly in areas with less than 50% forest cover. The
research highlights that tenure insecurity and limited adoption of climate-smart agricultural
practices are significant barriers to resilience, especially for women and marginalized groups.
While national policies such as PNIA and REDD+ exist, their local impact is limited by weak
implementation and insufficient community engagement. However, locally adapted solutions,
including agroforestry and participatory land management, demonstrate potential for restoring
soil health and reducing conflict. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated,
evidence-based interventions that strengthen tenure security, scale up sustainable practices, and
foster inclusive governance to build a resilient agricultural future in Santa Sub-Division and
similar highland regions. |
